Brit Supercar We should be grateful that our world has many unique and exotic cars from various manufacturers around the world. Of course, not all of these manufacturers you have heard of. One of them may be a British automotive company called Arash Motor Company. The British automotive startup was founded in 1999, and previoulsly known as Farboud before changing its name to Arash in 2006.
The Arash AF8 Launch Edition has made its debut at the 2014 Geneva International Motor Show. (Picture from: TopCarRating)
And after in 2010 the British automaker is launched its first car named Arash AF10, then in 2014, the British brand has also officially introduced its supercar model called Arash AF8, and has made its debut at the 2014 Geneva International Motor Show.
The Arash AF8 has an evolutionary and attractive design that is actually positioned as a rival to top supercars such as the Ferrari 458 Italia and McLaren 12C that born and existed at the time. (Picture from: TopCarRating)
As qouted of MotorAuthority, Arash Motor Company said that the AF8 supercar has an evolutionary and attractive design that is actually positioned as a rival to top supercars such as the Ferrari 458 Italia and McLaren 12C that born and existed at the time.
The Arash AF8 is powered by a redesigned GM's 7,000 cc V8 engine so it capable delivers up to 550 horsepower and is mated to a six-speed manual transmission. (Picture from: TopCarRating)
When compared to the previous supercar made by Arash, the AF10 was launched looks a little more like the Ferrari Enzo and said only made only one unit intended to be a show car. So it's a little different with the AF8 supercar which is said to be made as limited-numbers production supercars.
This AF8 figure has a more significant design has length dimensions of 4.15 meters, 1.9 meters wide and 1.1 meters high while its all four legs using 19-inch alloy wheels at the front and 20-inches at the rear, wrapped in the Michelin's Pilot Cup 2 tires.
The Arash AF8 Cassini still shown off an interesting appearance on the Geneva auto show’s floor back in the 2016. (Picture from: Pinterest)
As for the engine, the Arash AF8 supercar is powered by a redesigned GM's 7,000 cc V8 engine so it capable delivers up to 550 horsepower and is mated to a six-speed manual transmission mounted on the rear subframe and let the driver in charge of gear selection.
The Arash AF8 Falcon Edition was born to be on the race track, still shown off an interesting appearance at the most amazing motoring event of the 2021 Goodwood Festival of Speed. (Picture from: ArashMotorCompany)
The body panels of the Arash AF8 are constructed of carbon fiber on a chassis made of high tensile tubular steel so that it weighs about 1,200 kg, and with a relatively light weight in its class, this Arash supercar is claimed to be able to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 3.5 seconds, with a top speed of 200 mph or 322 kph. Not bad.
The Arash AF8 Falcon Edition has fancy interior featured with the alcontara and leather, the feel of the of the steering wheel on your hands and just enough information around you in terms of dash and controls. (Picture from: Pinterest)
In addition, the AF8 is also equipped with various modern technology features, including the five-stages Arash Stability Management traction control, touchscreen infotainment system, heated windshield and Navtrak ADR security immobilizer and tracking system. While the presence of air conditioning inside its cabin will be very useful when driving this exotic supercar in the summer.
As reported by the automaker's official website, the AF8 supercar is made in 3 different variants, namely the AF8 Launch Edition, AF8 Casini and AF8 Falcon Edition. Furthermore, the company's website also states that the AF8 Launch Edition is priced starting at £550,000, Cassini starts at £650,000 while for the highest variant, the Falcon Edition is offered starting at £750,000. Are you interested to bring home this AF8 supercar? *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | ARASHCARS | MOTORAUTHORITY ]
Special Edition Currently, if we are asked about the German's automotive brand, of course it can be answered immediately due to it wasn't difficult question and also the predictable answer would be Volkswagen and Porsche.
The Zender Vision 1S was the first prototype made by Hans Albert Zender-owned company called Zender GmbH back in the 1983. (Picture from: Carstyling.ru)
But this time we will not discuss the car made by those two major German manufacturers. Well, this time we will discuss about the cars made by a manufacturer that maybe we have never heard of before, Zender? Have you ever heard or know that brand before? It's a brand owned by a German auto tuning company called Zender GmbH. founded by Hans Albert Zender.
1983 Zender Vision 1S is made a public appearance for the first time at the Frankfurt Auto Show 1983. (Picture from: Carstyling.ru)
As quoted of Jalopnik, Zender initially enjoyed experimenting by making thing with fiber-reinforced plastic. Then through his own company, he started by making bucket seats, continued with his own wheel arch extensions and soon ended up in the booming aftermarket and tuning industry in Germany at the time. However, like many others in the automotive world, he was obsessed with building his own cars using composites. And someday in the 1980s then he managed successful in creating his own supercar.
1985 Zender Vision 2 was the 2nd prototype of Zender and made its debut at the Geneva Motor Show 1985. (Picture from: Deviantart)
In 1983, he succeeded in building his first car prototype, named the Zender Vision 1S and made a public appearance for the first time at the Frankfurt Auto Show 1983. The world's automotive fans response was quite good when they saw the figure of this car made by Zender.
1985 Zender Vision 2 had a rear diffuser similar to the Jaguar XJ220. (Picture from: Traumautoarchiv.de)
Two years later, he also launched next model of the Zender Vision 2 which had a rear diffuser similar to the Jaguar XJ220 that came a year later. Then followed by the Zender Vision 3C to premiere at the 1986 Geneva Motor Show, and a year later the Zender Vision 3 was launched which is powered by a 5.6 liter V8 Mercedes-Benz engine which is capable of pouring out about 300 horsepower.
1986 Zender Vision 3C has similar look with the Ferrari F40 and had debuted at the Geneva Motor Show 1986. (Picture from: Allcarindex)
For its most advanced car ever built, it came after Zender switched to Audi powertrain in 1989 and presented the Zender Fact4 Biturbo. This supercar is built using a carbon fiber chassis and powered by an 3.6 liter turbocharged Audi engine that produces 440 horses, giving it a top speed of 195 mph.
1987 Zender Vision 3 is powered by a 5.6 liter V8 Mercedes-Benz engine which is capable of pouring out about 300 horsepower. (Picture from: Mad4Wheels)
It's a pretty cool supercar figure, and there have been at least two units ever made (the Coupé and Spyder built in 1991, the last of which was equipped with Delta Integrale taillights).
Many say it appears to be more than just a show car, although many think that engineering solutions with Audi's massive V8, twin turbos and sleek mid-engined packaging required a complex belt system to propel the car, but at least the Zender has proven that all the matters related of it can be compromised according to the needs.
1991 Zender Fact4 Spyder (in the front) posed along with 1989 Zender Fact4 BiTurbo. (Picture from: Carstyling.ru)
Then entering the 1990s, this German car brand had time to display a barchetta prototype called the Zender Progetto Cinque (Project Five in Italian) back in 1995, which is said to be a spyder styled car modification built on the basis of the Alfa Romeo 75 platform.
1995 Zender Progetto Cinqueis said to be a spyder styled car modification built on the basis of the Alfa Romeo 75 platform. (Picture from: Mad4Wheels)
So, finally, of the several Zender-made car models above, which is the most interesting one? Give your opinion in the comments column below. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | ZENDER | JALOPNIK | PETROLICIOUS | SUPERCARS.NET ]
DoomsDays Be prepared doomsday are near! Maybe that's the thought that became the basis as well as the idea of the creator of this unique building. Who is he? Larry Hall, a former US government contractor, recently built an unusual and unique residence in the form of an earth scraper building called Survival Condo in a former Atlas missile silo.
The Survival Condo is an inverted skyscraper located somewhere in Central Kansas that seeks to provide shelter for the rich and famous amid a world-ending disaster. (Picture from: SurvivalCondo)
As quoted of The Sun, he came up with the idea in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. Currently Larry Hall has built this unique below surface building somewhere in Central Kansas, United States. And according to the Survival Condo site, they are currently working on the second silo building, after the first one was completed some time ago.
Larry Hall (pictured) came up with the idea in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. (Picture from: Sains.Sindonews)
The mentioned building is like the opposite of a skyscraper, if the
skyscrapers that soar high into the sky. This Survival Condo is built by
utilizing a silo bunker which is then converted into a building that is
embedded into the bowels of the earth, as if clawing at the earth's
crust. In addition, the Survival Condo is also made with 9 feet of
concrete thicks that's believed to be able to withstand very large
shocks caused by blast thermonuclear weapons and even earthquakes.
The original Survival Condo is pictured under construction somewhere in Central Kansas, currently they are building the second building. (Picture from: Sains.Sindonews)
The building was built as deep as 210 feet or 64 meters into the earth. Later the building will be used as a shelter from chaos and mass destruction that occurred on earth as a result of nuclear war, pandemics and others. As Larry Hall told The Sun, "The aim (of this building) is to protect the occupants from various events that have the potential to destroy the earth, from nuclear war, pandemics, meteor attacks to major public chaos."
The original Survival Condo is pictured under construction somewhere in Central Kansas, currently they are building the second building. (Picture from: SurvivalCondo)
The Survival Condo's withstand is claimed by Larry Hall to be very capable. "This is a luxurious residence building. Resistant to nuclear attack and able to protect its occupants physically and mentally," he continued.
The Survival Condo is an engineering marvel designed for comfortable long-term survival in a former Atlas missile silo. (Picture from: SurvivalCondo)
The building, which is embedded in the bowels of the earth, is able to withstand a 20 kiloton nuclear explosion and those number were that size is equivalent to the nuclear that was dropped by the United States on the Nagasaki region, Japan in 1945 which killed thousands of people.
The Survival Condo goes 210 feet into the Earth's crust and spans 15 stories. (Picture from: Sains.Sindonews)
He said that currently the anti-apocalypse building is equipped with various public facilities, ranging from swimming pools, cinemas, gyms and saunas, to restaurants with the food stocks, he claims to be available for the next 5 years. "Residents are very welcome if they want to bring their own food," he said.
The Survival Condo provided a huge pool facility to keep occupants amused and healthy. (Picture from: SurvivalCondo)
Currently Larry Hall has sold the Survival Condo to the public. One residential unit is sold at a price of US $ 500,000 or Rp. 7.1 billion. For the most luxurious residences or penthouses, he set the price of US $4.5 million or the equivalent of Rp. 64.4 billion. Wow!
The Survival Condo Penthouse units are state of the art in both security and luxury. (Picture from: SurvivalCondo)
The price tags can also be higher for potential residents who want to customize their residence. For example, one Arabian customer chose to install an underground mosque as well as a hidden underground helicopter hanger connected by a tunnel to the unit they live in.
Larry Hall said the demand for the Survival Condo's unit always increases every time a disaster occurs. Including the Covid-19 pandemic which is still ongoing today. "Their awareness to get a safe place to live is very high after Covid-19," he explained. So, are you interested in purchasing a unit at this Survival Condo? *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | SURVIVAL CONDO | THE SUN ]
Son of Guns Discussing something that is presented by a premium car manufacturer like Ferrrari will never end, there are always interesting topics to talk about. As we all know that until the end of 2021, this Maranello-based manufacturer has just launched several exclusive models such as the third Icona series called the Ferrari Daytona SP3 and the one-off model built based on the Ferrari GTC4 Lusso called the Ferrari BR20.
A digital rendered image of the Ferrari Stallone Concept was designed by Murray Sharp. (Picture from: KabarOto)
While surfing on cyberspace, we were momentarily amazed by a beautiful concept design for Ferrari worked by an industrial designer and graphic artist named Murray Sharp back in early 2020. Although only presented in the digital rendered images, it also mentioned by the designer as his efforts to predict the upcoming Ferrari.
The Ferrari Stallone was designed by taking the spiritual value of the finesse and sculptural beauty of the Ferrari 250 GTO with the bold uncompromising Ferrari F40 racing line. (Picture from: Carscoops)
As an opening, we'll start with Enzo Ferrari's quote, “A car maker need be neither an engineer nor a technician. He must be someone who loves his passion for cars.........” Indeed, the appearance of Ferrari is known to maintain its futuristic shape. Even looking at the design of this hypercar, it seems like you remember the electric vehicle-style design that will reportedly come out of the Maranello-based automaker in 2025.
A design sketches of the Ferrari Stallone drawn by Murray Sharp back in the 2020. (Picture from: Carscoops)
As quoted of Carscoops, the concept car was designed by taking the spiritual value of some of the Prancing Horse models, and was envisioned as the Ferrari LaFerrari successor and dubbed to be the Ferrari Stallone (a stallion in Italian). Further mentioned in designing of the hypercar, Murray Sharp seemed to combine the finesse and sculptural beauty of the Ferrari 250 GTO with the uncompromising Ferrari F40 racing line and by going through a series of iterations before you could be seen the final design such above.
The Ferrari Stallone will be positioned at the pinnacle of the Ferrari brand and the successor to the great Ferrari LaFerrari. (Picture from: Carscoops)
Murray said, “This hypercar will be positioned at the pinnacle of the Ferrari brand, the successor to the great LaFerrari. This hypercar rendering process maintains Ferrari's core values, such as passion and speed. Murray even given a color touch of the Rosso Corsa, which is known very iconic painted down the LaFerrari sexy body.
In addition, Murray also thought about the airflow and small trinkets found in Stallone. Starting from the side vents, even the taillights with unique horizontal elements, as seen on the LaFerrari. Even Murray has hinted will be used a hybrid V12 engine as for his hypercar concept' powertrain assisted by the KERS system.
The Ferrari Stallone is projected to use carbon fiber throughout the bodywork, ranging from the grille to the rear hood. (Picture from: Carscoops)
As you can see here, the front of the Ferrari Stallone is dominated by air ducts and ornate headlights, also included a striking carbon fiber front splitter and features a rear-facing camera. Besides, in the car concept there are several unique parts and could be considered as the hallmark of the supercar's appearance, namely the low and sharp angle of the hood coupled with 2 large vents below.
Then the windshield design is made more curved than other Ferrari models, allowing the designer to shift the A-pillar position to improve outward visibility. While the sides are also made as sexy as the front, including a large air tunnel to improve aerodynamics while providing the air to cooling down its center-mounted powertrain.
The rear section of the Ferrari Stallone was the most attractive part, thanks to the presence of a sharp diffuser, F1-inspired rain light, and semi-circular LED taillights. (Picture from: Carscoops)
As if not to be outdone by the front and sides, as the results the rear looks the most attractive thanks to the presence of a sharp diffuser, F1-inspired rain light, and semi-circular LED taillights. Plus this supercar concept also features dual exhausts that point upwards like the Porsche 918 Spyder. However, when compared to the LaFerrari, there is a slight difference where its quad exhaust tips are lowered on the bumper.
According to the designer, like a hypercar in general, the Stallone is projected to use carbon fiber throughout the bodywork, ranging from the grille to the rear hood. As for the legs, the directional five-spoke wheels look sharp, such as curved star.
"The Ferrari Stallone concept has been a very special project for me," said Murray. As quoted of Motor1, in working on the design of this hypercar concept, Murray used 12 different design programs and half of the programs used were the first time they were used. The programs used include Alias, Vray, Photoshop, Aftereffect and so on.
Well, to make this concept into a real car, we can only speculate, and it all goes back to the Maranello-based manufacturer. But at least in our opinion, the most importantly now we had been seen and witnessed in digital rendered images and video one of the best bred designs of the Italian auto premium marque.😌 *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | BEHANCE | CARSCOOPS | MOTOR1 ]
Other Proposal As we all know, a prestigious fancy brand like Bugatti has also experienced gloomy days. One of the moments of the revival of the legendary French fancy brand had occured in the early 1990s originally proposed by Ferruccio Lamborghini, and carried out by Romano Artioli with Paolo Stanzini. Then through the new formed company named Bugatti Automobili S.p.A., Artioli assembled an unparalleled group of talents in pursuit of building a supercar worthy wore the Bugatti's badge.
The Marcello Gandini' proposal design for the Bugatti EB110 of the 1990s named Bugatti DMD80 Concept. (Picture from: Carrozzieri Italiani)
The list of prominent names in the automotive industry included Paolo Stanzini, the renowned engineer for the Lamborghini Miura, Espada, and Countach, who later became technical director of Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. As for the chassis development carried out by Tecnostile led by Tiziano Benedetti, Achille Bevini, and Oliviero Pedrazzi, all three of whom are known for having participated in the Lamborghini Miura' chassis and engine developments.
The Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept has a classic wedge shape that concealed a number of aerodynamic tricks up its sleeves. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
Then the company developed a supercar that would later be known as the Bugatti EB110 starting in 1987 for the chassis and mechanics. In addition, a number of well-known automotive designers and styling houses such as ITAL Design, Bertone, Paolo Martin and Marcello Gandini were also invited to make design proposals. At the end the Gandin's design proposal was chosen by the Artioli's company to be further.
The Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept was originally built with an aluminum honeycomb chassis but later redesigned with carbon fiber. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
The mentioned car was originally built with an aluminum honeycomb chassis but later redesigned with carbon fiber. Power is provided by a bespoke 3.5-liter V12 engine, with four turbochargers, which produces over 550 bhp of power and is channeled through the 6-speed manual gearbox and full-time all-wheel-drive system. All this allowed the car to reach a top speed of 221 mph with an acceleration from rest to 60 mph in 3.2 seconds, that's an outstanding performance number for the time.
The Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept has deep recesses in the nose of the car provided airflow to elements of the cooling systems. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
Gandini's initial design for this car was a classic wedge shape that concealed a number of aerodynamic tricks up its sleeve under the name of Bugatti DMD80 Concept. Deep recesses in the nose of the car provided airflow to elements of the cooling systems and double fan-assisted rear diffuser aided in road-holding. The car also has an "active" spoiler at the rear which rose above the deck while it run at high speed.
The Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept fitted also double fan-assisted rear diffuser aided in road-holding. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
The lines are clean, if a bit brutish, and represented one of Gandini's better late career designs. During the development phases, the automaker built four prototypes of the "new" Bugatti were clothed in Gandini' style of the uniqueness scissor-door types and went through extensive testing in that form.
The Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept has also an "active" spoiler at the rear which rose above the deck while it run at high speed. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
However, Romano Artioli was apparently not impressed with Gandini's angular design language incorporating a shovel nose and flared rear wheel arches and demanded revisions. So Gandini created a second iteration of the design with softer lines, revised head and taillights and slightly different proportions for the rear wheel arches, that's such similar cue can also be seen on the Maserati Chubasco of 1991.
The Bugatti DMD80 Concept is clothed in Gandini' style of the uniqueness scissor-door types and went through extensive testing in that form. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
Turns out this wasn't enough to calm the boss down and Gandini ended up lost his patience with the whole endeavor. And it could be said that the revived incarnation of Bugatti would not have a body directly penned by the maestro. Seeing this, then Romano Artioli commissioned Gianpaolo Benedini, an architect who had designed the company's iconic "Blue Factory" in Campogalliano, to make changes to the car's design that he asked for.
The 2nd iteration of the Bugatti DMD80 Concept done by Marcello Gandini with softer lines, revised head and taillights and slightly different proportions for the rear wheel arches. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
The latest vehicle design replaces the network of cooling slots on the bonnet with ducts in the front fenders, leading to the outer sides of the two large fixed headlights, which replaced the pop-up headlights of the early prototype. In a peculiar nod to the original Bugatti radiator design, small horseshoe-shaped vents are also added to the lower region of the front fascia. Uniquely, pill-shaped vents and lighting were also added to the rear of the car as well.
This marked as the first of two occasions that Marcello Gandini's designs were ignored by his clients. The same thing happened during the development of the Lamborghini's supercar that would become known as Lamborghini Diablo when the company under the Chrysler's ownership. By employing internal staff, they also revised Gandini's design.
However, in the end Gandini could breathe a sigh of relief when the Diablo design variants he sold to Giorgio Moroder and Claudio Zampoli later became the Cizeta V16T to be one of the wildest supercars of the early 90s, even crazier than the Bugatti EB110.
The Bugatti EB110 production version (in the middle) is flanked by the four prototypes of the Gandini's Bugatti DMD80 Concept. (Picture from: RareComponentCar)
On September 15, 1991, Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. unveiled the Bugatti EB110 in its final form for the first time at the Versailles and in front of the Grande Arche de la Défense, Paris, exactly 110 years after the birth of Ettore Bugatti.
Like many similar businesses at that time, the automotive company also did not last long and was liquidated again in 1995. And during its short production period, it turned out that the company was only able to build the Bugatti EB 110 as many as 139 units with a dozen others made in carbon fiber by Dauer of Germany.
However, with the sinking of the Bugatti legendary brand at that time, it again invited the interest of many parties to revive it again. And finally in 2000, the legendary brand based in Molsheim, France was acquired by the German automotive giant Volkswagen Group. Under the banner of this new ownership, Bugatti is noted for producing some of the most spectacular and extraordinary supercars ever. If Ettore Buggati can witness the brand's achievements today, maybe he would be wore a big smile on his lips when sees one of the world's fastest cars wearing the Bugatti macaron with its typical horseshoe grille. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | RARECOMPONENTCARS | CARROZZIERI ITALIANI ]
sTormPass Car companies often build unique cars that ordinary people have never thought of before. Therefore, many of the concept cars made as one of its engineering prototypes that cannot be realized into production version or just end up into the piles of the automaker's storage facility. One example is the Porsche Bergspyder 981 prototype which was built in 2015 and never produced by the Stuttgart-based automaker.
The Porsche Bergspyder 981 was built in 2015 as a modern interpretation of the legendary lightweight one seat speedster specifically for hillclimb races named Porsche 909 Bergspyder of 1968. (Picture from: OtoDriver)
The Porsche Bergspyder 981 was built in 2015, when Porsche's top brasses commissioned their Zuffenhausen-based engineers to build a new generation Bergspyder prototype, perhaps just to reminisce about the legendary lightweight one seat speedster specifically for hillclimb races named Porsche 909 Bergspyder which is now over of 50 years old.
The Porsche Bergspyder 981 (on the left) posed along with its predecessor hillclimb racing car named Porsche 909 Bergspyder of 1968 (on the right). (Picture from: OtoDriver)
Amazingly, the classic racing car of 1968 only has weighs of 384 kg, known as the lightest car ever made by Porsche. The new generation prototype is built based on the Porsche Boxster 981 under the similar design and layouts as its predecessor, ie the single-seater roofless sports car.
1968 Porsche 909 Bergspyder was known as the lightest car ever made by Porsche with the weight only 384 kg. (Picture from: UrDesignMag)
While the car's exterior is also painted in identical white color of its predecessor and accented with striped green lines. However, unlike its predecessor, the new car weighs around 1,099 kg.
The Porsche Bergspyder 981 was built based on the Porsche Boxster 981 and featured as the single-seater roofless sports car. (Picture from: UrDesignMag)
Inside the cabin, the Bergspyder 981 has a redesigned dashboard, but still carries some elements of the Porsche 918 Spyder. The driver's seat is taken from the 918 as well, while the unique passenger side is fitted with a removable cover with a door that can still be opened, so that it can be used as a hidden trunk to store the helmets, etc.
The Porsche Bergspyder 981 has a redesigned dashboard, but still carries some elements of the Porsche 918 Spyder. (Picture from: UrDesignMag)
Furthermore, the car is powered by a flat-six 3,800 cc Boxer engine which is also used in the Porsche Cayman GT4. The engine is capable of producing around 393 ps of power and 420 Nm of torque, so it can make the Bergspyder car accelerate from rest to 100 kph in just 4 seconds.
Although it was originally planned that the Bergspyder would enter production at the time, in fact it has not yet passed the tests. So that made Porsche fail to market the car unit in several countries and finally the one-off prototype only became one of the cars on display in the Porsche museum. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | PORSCHE | MOTORAUTHORITY | URDESIGNMAG | SUPERCAR BLONDIE ]
As reported by the automaker's official website, the AF8 supercar is made in 3 different variants, namely the AF8 Launch Edition, AF8 Casini and AF8 Falcon Edition. Furthermore, the company's website also states that the AF8 Launch Edition is priced starting at £550,000, Cassini starts at £650,000 while for the highest variant, the Falcon Edition is offered starting at £750,000. Are you interested to bring home this AF8 supercar? *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | ARASHCARS | MOTORAUTHORITY ]
