Turned out the Moon was 4.51 billion years old

According to scientists, it turns out the moon was older than previously thought, which is 4.51 billion years old. Thus the latest estimates, thanks to the rocks and soil samples collected by the astronauts of Apollo 14 on the moon.

The study has put the age of the Moon at at least 4.51 billion years — up to 140 million years older than previously thought, according to a new study of minerals called zircons brought back from the lunar body to the Earth by the Apollo 14 mission in 1971. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1iDSow)

A team of researchers reported on Wednesday, January 11, 2017 that the moon formed within 60 million years of the birth of the solar system. The estimates range from 100 million the previous year, then to 200 million years after the creation of the solar system, instead of the 4.6 billion years ago.

Scientists are calculating the age of the moon by using the uranium-lead zircon metal fragments were extracted from samples of moon taken from the Apollo 14 missions. The pieces of zircon was very small, no bigger than a grain of sand.

"Size does not matter, because the fragments record an incredible information!" said the study's lead author Melanie Barboni from the University of California, Los Angeles. She added that the moon has "so many wonders key to understanding how our beautiful Earth formed and evolved."

Some of the eight samples of zircon has been used in a previous study, also conducted at UCLA. Barboni said that she was learning more zircon samples from the Apollo 14, but she expects it will not change the estimated age of the moon is around 4.51 billion year, at most only be 4.52 billion years old.

This is astronaut Alan B. Shepard Jr. on the moon in 1971 with the Apollo 14 mission. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1iDSJF)

As we lall knew, the Apollo 14 astronauts, Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell collected approximately 41.73 kilograms and uses tubes to dig the ground while exploring the Fra Mauro highlands in February 1971. They walk twice on the moon, as a whole for nine hours on the lunar surface.

And this is the second major study of the moon on this week. Earlier, on Monday, Israeli scientists concluded that the moon may have formed from many mini moons. The moon, according to them, are not formed from the massive giant power hit and release the body parts of the Earth, but from a series of smaller collision may have created many moons eventually merge into one.

This giant force theory says that the result of the blow energy forming the moon lava ocean later becomes solid. This solidification age which is now confirmed by the Barboni and her team.

Barboni said like any process of formation of the moon, the result is the compaction of the moon as it is known today. "We finally determine the minimum age of the formation of the moon, however the process," she said. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | SCIENCEDAILY]

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A mysterious object believed to be "hiding" under the Antarctic ice sheet

Scientists believe, an unusually large object could change our knowledge of the history of the world. The objects hidden under the Antarctic ice sheet. Yes, this anomaly is believed to lurk a frozen region called Wilkes Land, an area of ​​243 square kilometers with a depth of 823 meters.

The researchers believe, the object is the remains of the massive asteroid, two-times greater than the Chicxulub space rock which touted as the cause of of the dinosaurs extinction.

The overall sightings of Earth's south pole. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1hmu1j)

If their explanation is correct, it means the asteroid is the cause of the extinction of the Permian-Triassic era, which kills 96% of sea creatures and 70% vertebrates that live in the soil surface on Earth.

The strangeness of nature called "Wilkes Land gravity anomaly" was first discovered in 2006, when NASA satellites see changes of gravity through the presence of a large object. Its location in the middle of the crater impact, diameter of 482 kilometers. The discovery was back in a matter of debate after a group of UFO hunters, Secure Team 10, posted a video about the peculiarities of the Earth's south pole.

Ice is seen floating at the South Pole. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1hmu1j)

"To this day, scientists could not conclude what exactly was 'hiding' under thick layer of ice," a narrator says in the video, as reported in the New York Post.

"These ice continent remains a continent shrouded in mystery until now." In fact, in the video also said, that Nazis once constructs a secret military base in the South Pole during World War II. The goal was as production base of their advanced aircraft.

A mountain rising permafrost western part of the South Pole. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1hmu1j)

The debate on the internet is still in progress. However, the scientists who first noticed the strangeness believe that the object was evidence of massive asteroid collision crater.

"The collision impact in Wilkes Land is much greater than the collision that wiped out the dinosaurs. It could be led onto a massive disaster at the time," said Ralph von Frese, a professor of geological sciences at Ohio State University, who discovered it in 2006.

"All the natural changes that occur due to the collision impact which certain to lead to an environment that is almost impossible to survive in it. It makes perfect sense many lives extinct after the massive collision event," he said. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | NEW YORK TIMES]

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Scientists found a new organ in the human body after centuries

Scientists have discovered a new organ in the human body? Yes, J. Calvin Coffey a professor of surgery at University of Limerick, Ireland has announced that the membrane which meander in the human gut is a new organ with the name of the mesentery.

"Reclassification of mesentery as an organ was universally relevant because it affects us all," Coffey said in a statement, as quoted by LiveScience, Tuesday, January 3, 2017.

The mesentery (yellow) connects the small and large intestines (pink). (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1hVz9O)

Scientists from the Mayo Clinic has previously been aware of the structure that connects the small and large intestines to the abdominal wall and tied in place. However, until now, the structure was considered a separate membrane by most scientists. And interestingly, in one of the initial description, Leonardo da Vinci was identified this membrane as a single structure. 

And Proff. Calvin Coffey and his colleagues looked at the past studies and literatures of the mesentery. He noted that throughout the 20th century, many anatomy books have explained the mesentery as a series of fragmented membrane. It's mean, the mesentery associated with various parts of the intestine. 

He led the study to view the mesentery in patients undergoing colorectal surgery and corpses. The findings of a study which concluded that these membrane is a separate organ, as published in The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology journal in November 2016 edition.

Proff. J. Calvin Coffey, a professor of surgery at the University of Limerick in Ireland, has concluded that the mesentery, which is a membrane found in the gut, is its own organ. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1hVz9O)

"By recognizing anatomy and structure of the mesentery, now scientists can focus on learning more about how the organ functions," said Coffey. According to him, scientists can learn about the diseases associated with the mesentery. If you can also understand the functions, and you can identify abnormal function, he said further.

According to the article, the continuous nature of the mesentery, for example, can serve as a means for the disease to spread from one part of the stomach to the other.

"In addition to studying the disease, researchers are also able to see a new approach to the mesentery for surgery," said the authors. The authors noted that many anatomical and other features of the mesentery that still need to be explained.

For example, mesentery classified into what kind of body system? "Do the mesentery should be seen as part of the intestine, vascular, endocrine, cardiovascular or immunological system, it was remain unclear because it has an important role in all of them," the authors write.

While many organs have different functions in the body, the different functions of the mesentery is still unknown.. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | LIVESCIENCE]

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Ebola vaccine trials claimed hundred percent successful

Researchers who recently reported the successful testing Ebola vaccine up to 100 percent to  protect against those deadly disease. Even if the vaccine was not yet been approved by the appropriate authorities, but the study reported by The Lancet medical journal is considered very effective. In fact, the research that took place in Guinea was mentioned to have an emergency supply of 300,000 doses of Ebola vaccine to prevent the outbreak returned widespread.

No Ebola cases were recorded 10 days or more after the vaccination, among the 5,837 people who received it. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1h8TzE)

"Although it is too late for those who have lost their lives because of the epidemic of Ebola in West Africa, this vaccine may be a way we survive," said Marie-Paule Kieny, Assistant Director General of Systems and Innovation at the World Health Organization (WHO) at the same time as the lead author of those research report.

Since the first Ebola case is discovered in the former area of Zaire in 1976, people have been making every effort to create a vaccine. It all started because of the emergency, but these efforts should be halted because of lack of funds.

WHO noted that approximately 1,600 people die due to the Ebola during the past few years, so become reputed as frightening disease. In 2014 an Ebola outbreak attacked 11,000 people in Africa and spread out around the world, and also killing some people in Europe and the United States. These series of events that made the competent authorities tried again to make an effective vaccine.

The test results of the vaccine trial in Guinea finally released on Thursday, December 22 2016 in The Lancet medical journal. The vaccine can not be used to stop the outbreak, but the prospects for vaccine supplies have now been brought optimism among the public health experts. The researchers have so far only suggests the Ebola possibility still lodged in various locations, such as trees and its spread is carried by bats.

The researchers say that the new vaccine still has some drawbacks, among others only worked against one of two types of Ebola virus alone, and there may be no long-term protection. In fact, some of the researchers also found that the side effects of the vaccine for the user, such as joint pain and headaches. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | SCROLL.IN]

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Here it is the most popular new car's color for 2016

White is the color most consumers have when buying a car. No wonder if the color be the most popular throughout 2016. Although it sounded less attractive, the car body painted in white color will look clean. White is also the color of the most enduring trends compared to other color.

(Pictured: Ferrari LaFerrari Aperta). White is by far the most popular new car color in 2016. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gtiXv)

As quoted of Carscoops on Saturday, December 17, 2016, a study conducted by Axalta automotive paint manufacturers showed as much as 37 percent of new car buyers choose white. The figure increased by 2 percent compared to 2015.

The black color was sat on the second place with 18 percent of car buyers. The black color is very popular in the eyes of the premium car buyers. While in the third place is filled in the gray color with the electorate as much as 11 percent. While the red, blue and several other colors, is based on the Axalta's research, only have as much as 6 percent of new car buyers.

In China, as the largest vehicle market in the world, Axlta states, the white becomes the most favorite color in this year. Based on internal company research was mentioned by more than 57 percent of new car buyers in there choose white color.. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | CARSCOOPS]

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Beans and peas to be more filling than meat

A recent study in the journal Food & Nutrition showed the protein in beans and peas is more satisfying than the protein contained in beef and pork. In one study were 43 young men consumed three different foods, each containing beans, peas or meat.

Scientists said that beans and peas increase fullness more than meat. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gnVN1)

"Bean-based protein-rich foods contain more fiber than beef, which may contribute to increase the feeling of fullness," said lead researcher Professor Anne Raben of University of Copenhagen's Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports.

In addition, when the participants consumed beans and peas, as they receive intake 12 calories lower at the next meal. Other findings that are not less interesting from the research are beans and peas tasted much more tasty and satisfying than meat.

"People can eat rich fiber foods, with a little protein, and achieve the sensation of fullness. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to obtain definitive evidence especially based on beans and peas as both can contribute to weight loss," said Raben as reported of eurekalert.org. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | EUREKALERT]

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Monkeys are actually able to speak, but...

It is a fairly surprising news; monkeys may have more sophisticated vocal ability than we had expected all along. Allegedly, their vocal tract anatomy is theoretically capable of producing five basic vowel sounds which become the basis for human language. The voices that can be used to form sentences that can be understood.

Monkey's vocal tract anatomy is theoretically able to produce five basic vowel sounds which become the basis for human language. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gjMnH)

These findings add to the set of the available evidence, namely that some monkeys and apes can mimic or produce roughly votes required to communicate like they are speaking. As quoted from NewScientist on Wednesday, December 14, 2016, Asif Ghazanfar of Princeton University said, "No one can say now that there is a vocal anatomy problem in the talks of monkeys."

"They have a vocal anatomy, that are ready to speak, but their brain was the one who was not ready for it. We need to find out why the human brain (not the monkey brain) which is then able to produce the languages."

Several previous experiments to find out if the monkey has a vocal device needed to speak depends on the plaster mold of the vocal tract type of macaque monkeys.

Monkey's vocal tract anatomy is theoretically able to produce five basic vowel sounds which become the basis for human language. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gjMnH)

Now, Ghazanfar and his colleagues used movies and still images of X-rays of the vocal tract of male long-tailed macaque named Emiliano. With the help of barium-based contrast agents, the scientists created the whole visual profile of Emiliano vocal tract when the monkey was issued various types of sounds and calls.

Through the imaging of the channel when the monkeys were eating and swallowing food, scientists can measure the limits of Emiliano's vocal tract stretching. Of the 99 basic configuration of the channel as their observations, the researchers calculated the sound and frequency of which could theoretically can be produced by the monkeys, then compare it with the sounds produced by the humans vocal tract.

By doing this, they managed to reconstruct the sound if Emiliano say a sentence, such as "Will you marry me?" Here comes a greeting from Emiliano the monkey appropriate computer simulations based on its vocal tract scan:

They also showed that Emiliano has anatomical ability to form five basic sounds that underlie human language. When they project the sound simulation to 10 human volunteers in a row, the volunteers correctly identify the sound simulation, within up to 90-98 percent. Thus, there is a suspicion that if the monkeys were able to make a sound that humans can be recognize it. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | NEW SCIENTIST]

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Scientists find a clue when the apocalypse occurs on the Earth

Five billion years from now, the sun apocalypse. Doomsday. After our sun exhausted their fuel, and will start to burn the heavier elements in its fusion core. When this process occurs, the Sun will swell, and also will spew most of its constituent materials into space through a strongly blow of the stellar winds.

Imagine, then the sun will expand about 100 times larger than today, and becoming what is known as the 'red giant'. Those dramatic expansion event will took two nearby planets, Mercury and Venus became the victims.

L2 Puppis dying star offers glimpse of Earth's doomsday in 5 billion years from now. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gfUrz)

So, what will happen to our Earth? Is the human planet (which is the third planet from the sun) will suffer the same fate as Venus and Mercury are engulfed by a ​​super-hot plasma sea? Or, whether the Earth could escape of the most terrible phase of upheaval deaths and continues to orbit on the red dwarf star which is the remainder of the sun?

"We already know that the sun will expand and increasingly light (when entering the red giant phase). These conditions may be destroying all forms of life that exist in our planet," said Leen Decin, from KU Leuven Institute of Astronomy in a statement, as quoted from Space.com on Sunday, December 11, 2016. Or in other words, human beings, animals, and plants will disappear. Earth is no longer blue, and that the remaining was its core only. Parched.

However, whether a rocky core of the Earth will survive on the red giant phase and continued orbiting on the white dwarfs star? With the help of the most powerful radio observatory on the planet, the astronomers could soon have a clue about the fate of the Earth by looking at the nearest star system which resembles the approximate shape of our solar system when the sun was going towards its final moments.

A composite view of the L2 Puppis star system, including the location of the red giant star and probable exoplanet. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gfUrz)

Yes, there's L2 Puppis is an evolved star, which located in a distance of more than 200 light years from the Earth (one light year would have amounted to 9,460 billion kilometers). Although the existence of L2 Puppis feels far away, actually it was at our cosmic doorstep.

By using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile. And through precise measurements of the star, the astronomers have concluded the mass and age of L2 Puppis. It turns out, L2 Puppis is a 10 billion years old Sun-like star. It is also a prime example of a planetary nebula formation process.

The fate of the sun in 5 billion years from now, the L2 Puppis in conditions of ripped and torn, spraying large amounts of gas into space. The process creates a large luminous clouds and privileged planetary nebula at glimpse looks like a beautiful cosmic butterfly.

"We discovered that the L2 Puppis, about 10 billion years olds," said Ward Homan who also a scientist from KU Leuven. "Five billion a year earlier, these star looks like a twin of the sun at this time, with almost similar mass. However, a third of its mass is lost during the star evolution. The same thing will happen with the sun."

Not only that. Based on a recent study published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics, the L2 Puppis, also seems to have the planet that lies behind (with a distance of about 300 million kilometers). Although the distance is twice the distance of Earth's orbit to the Sun, but scientists can see incredible things where a world orbiting to a death star.

It is became an indication of what remains of the Earth in a few billion years future. Scientists hope to learn of the unfortunate planet (which has been a silent witness and the victims at once of the 'anger' that occurs in L2 Puppis).

"Five billion years from now, the sun will swell into a red giant star, hundreds of times larger than its current size. It also will experiencing intense mass loss through strong brunt of the stellar winds," says Decin.

Final product of the star evolution which occured at 7 billion years from now is a white dwarf star. With the size is similar to the Earth, but more severe: a teaspoon of white dwarf material has a weighs about 5 tons.

Astronomers often look at the stars (of course by using the tools) to better understand our position in the galaxy. In this case, they glimpse into the future and a key part of the life cycle of a star like our sun.  And the astronomers have also witnessed in the real sense of doom that could happen to the sun (a colossal event that leaves the carcass of a star can swallow the planets around it).

And although the Earth may not be immersed in the bubbling hell in the shape of swollen star, but all forms of life would not be left in the Earth. What's left on the Earth is a rocky core that has been peeled and great roasted. Perhaps, that's the picture of doom for our planet. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | SPACE.COM]

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Meet Your new chat buddy robot named Peeqo

A programmer from New York University named Abishek Singh made a different robot than usual. If the robot is usually created to assist people in a variety of activities, but he made a unique robot as a means of entertainment.

As quoted from TheNextWeb on Saturday, December 10, 2016, this unique robot named Peeqo. Physically, Peeqo has a similar shape as the other robots in general. The difference, the robot has the ability to communicate with humans through GIF images.

Meet 'Peeqo,' the DIY robot that communicates via GIFs. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gf4Uy)

Peeqo equipped with a small computer screen with a picture of a pair of glasses as its face. The screen will display animated GIF images in response to someone who spoke with its.

Singh said Peeqo made with Raspberry Pi technology with several components. He utilizes Ardunio Mini micro controller, four microphones, servo motors, cameras, USB speakers, and LCD screen to make Peeqo.

"I do not have a specific goal when create Peeqo. I'm just a fad, Peeqo was Do It Yourself (DIY) kind of robot and very easy to make," said Abishek Singh.

He also added a music player feature on Peeqo. Although considered very attractive, he pleaded not intend to sell the robot.

"I made Peeqo as a joke. I just want people around me feel the thrill of chatting with the robot. It was definitely a lot of fun," said Singh. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | PEEQO | THE NEXT WEB]

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Is the Earth's rotation slows down?

The team of researchers from the University of Durham, England, doing research on the various events of the eclipse and other space events in the 27th century. This study reveals new information about the Earth's rotation slows down from time to time.

Earth's surface of the outer space. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gcFok)

Therefore, one-day duration of 24 hours has possibility to change. Although there is likely to rise, but in addition to requiring a very long time in order to really have an effect for life. That's expressed by the leader of the study, Leslie Morrison, the Earth rotation slows down was very long process.

In a period of 2,700 years, the slowing of the Earth's rotation about two milliseconds. Therefore, it takes 6.7 million years to slow down for a minute. To make one day amounts 25 hours, it took 200 years.

As quoted of Sky News on Wednesday, December 7, 2016, the data obtained from the study of eclipses facts and events space since 720 BC to 2015. The data obtained break the Morrison's thought previously which was estimates slowing the Earth's rotation is greater than the data. Previously expected to take 5.2 million years to add one minute rotation.

"The data disclosed previously only the estimation, because the geophysical forces that made the Earth rotates does not move in a constant state," said Morrison.

The Earth's rotation is also influenced by several factors from within the Earth. Polar surface changes, electromagnetic activity of the Earth's core and the surface of the sea water into some of the factors that affect the Earth's rotation. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | SKY NEWS]

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Unique, this plastic bags edible 100% biodegradable

Ashwath Hedge, a man of Indian origin have made plastic bags that can be eaten. This was done to reduce the amount of plastic waste that causes environmental pollution.

He got the idea to make plastic bags of organic materials because of their ban on the use of plastic in several cities in India. Then he performs a variety of experiments in the laboratory of his company, EnviGreen, for four years to produce plastic bags are safe for the environment.

Edible 100% biodegradable "Plastic" bags. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gZcfF)

After conducting various experiments, Hedge successfully make plastic bags without chemicals. He mixed 12 organic ingredients, such as potatoes, tapioca, cassava, corn, vegetable oil, bananas, and flower oil, to produce environmentally friendly plastics.

Although made from natural materials, the plastic bags can still be used as a plastic bag in general. The plastic bags can be destroyed by burning without leaving residual toxins. In addition, the plastic is safe to eat by the animals.

"We do not use chemicals at all in the making of these plastic bags. Even the paint used to color made from natural materials," said Ashwath Hedge, as reported by Oddity Central on Wednesday, December 7, 2016.

Aswarth Hedge of EnviGreen shown edible 100% biodegradable "plastic" bags. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gZcfF)

Previously, these eco-friendly plastic bags have been tested by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB). The test results stated if the plastic bags are made by Hedge free of chemicals and will not contaminate the environment.

One sheet of the plastic bags is sold for less of quarter American dollar (or approx Rp.3,000). Although the price is much more expensive than regular plastics, the plastic bag could be the solution to reducing environmental pollution. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | ODDITY CENTRAL]

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Harvest Gold from Coal?

As already known, that chemists have tried to change ordinary metals into gold for centuries but never succeeded. And now, a group of scientists were claimed to have found a way to make an extract of precious metals from coal.

Alchemists have tried to turn ordinary materials into gold for centuries - but now scientists have found a way to extract the precious metal from coal. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gXqGL)

Yes, a group of Russian scientists who were working in a laboratory in the remote Amur River region near the Chinese border. They claimed to have found the way to be able to produce one gram of gold from one ton of coal. The group has spent 15 years struggling to analyze the coal reserves available. They are trying to develop a process to filter the coal until produce a bright yellow metal.

So far, the scientists are still in the testing phase. However, they believed the process of mass production will be made no sooner than next year. Each ton of coal would be extracted. It is estimated, it will result in the extraction of gold worth 1,500 Russian rubles, or £18.50 (approx Rp.315,729).

How to?

According to Oleg Ageev of the Amur Scientific Center, "The filtering process done by channeling the smoke of burning coal through a large cleaning system."

Russian scientists can extract one gram of gold from a ton of coal. (Picture from: http://adf.ly/1gXqGL)

He said further, "First the contaminants, including hazardous ones, washed with water and the gold is captured by filters. Then, auriferous concentrate is removed and the material is sent for refinement."

The Russian scientists group are claiming also will get the funds half a million rubles, or £6,235 (approx Rp.105 million) to install the industrial gold-extracting filter. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | MIRROR]

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